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Metrolgy and Measurements (MM)

METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS

metrology and measurements coverposter


BASICS OF METROLOGY

Introduction to Metrology
Need of inspection
Various measuring system elements
Generalized measuring systems
Types of measuring instruments
Precision and Accuracy
Various characteristics (Static and Dynamic) of measuring systems
Errors & Types of errors
Standards and types of standards


LINEAR AND ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS

Linear Measuring Instruments & its types
    Vernier Caliper
        Vernier Height Gauge
        Vernier Depth Gauge
    Micrometer
        Inside Micrometer
        Depth Micrometer
        Thread Micrometer
        Stick Micrometer
        V anvil micrometer
        Blade type micrometer
        Bench micrometer
        Groove micrometer
        Digital micrometer
    Slip Gauges
    Comparators
        Mechanical Comparators
            Dial indicator
            Reed type mechanical comparator
            The Sigma comparator
        Electrical comparators
        Electronic comparators
        Optical comparators
        Pneumatic comparators
        Fluid Displacement comparators
    Limit gauges
        Plug Gauges
        Ring Gauges
        Snap Gauges
    Applications of limit gauges
        Thread pitch gauges
        Form or profile gauges
        Radius and fillet gauges
        Feeler gauges
        Wire gauge
Gauge design & design procedure
Concepts of interchange ability and selective assembly
Angular measuring instruments & Types
    Protractor, Vernier bevel protractor & Optical bevel protractor
    Angle gauges
    Sine bar, Sine Centre and Sine Table
    Spirit Level
    Clinometer
    Auto-Collimator & its applications
    Angle Dekkor & its use

ADVANCES IN METROLOGY

Basic concept of lasers & advantages
Laser Interferometers
Interferometer types
    Single frequency DC interferometer system
    AC laser interferometer
    Michelson interferometer
    Twyman-green specialization of michelson interferometer
Interferometer applications
Interferometric measurement of angle
Straightness – Alignment
Basic concept of CMM, Types of CMM (Constructional features – Probes – Accessories – Software) & Applications
Basic concepts of Machine Vision System – Elements – Applications.

FORM MEASUREMENT

Straightness measurement
Flatness measurement
Thread measurement
Gear measurement
Surface finish measurement
Roundness measurement

MEASUREMENT OF POWER, FLOW AND TEMPERATURE

Measurement of Force
    Direct methods
        Equal arm balance
        Unequal arm balance
        Multi-lever Type
        Pendulum Scale
    Indirect methods
        Electromagnetic balance method
        Elastic force meter (or) Proving Rings
        Load cells (Strain gauge load cell, Hydraulic Load Cell & Pneumatic load cells)
        Spring balance
        C-type Bourdon Tube
        Bellows
Measurement of Torque
    Torque Reaction Methods
    Prony Brake
    Torque Measurement using Strain Gauges
    Optical Torque Measurement
Measurement of Power
    Dynamometers
        Mechanical Dynamometers
        Eddy Current Dynamometer
        Hydraulic or Fluid Friction Dynamometer
        Transmission Dynamometers
Flow Measurement
    Orifice Flow Meter
    Venturimeter
    Flow Nozzle
    Pitot tube
    Rotameter