Introduction to Metrology
Introduction to Metrology
Metrology is a science
of measurement. Metrology may be divided depending upon the quantity under
consideration into: metrology of length, metrology of time etc. Depending upon
the field of application it is divided into industrial metrology, medical
metrology etc.
Engineering metrology
is restricted to the measurement of length, angles and other quantities which
are expressed in linear or angular terms. For every kind of quantity measured,
there must be a unit to measure it. This will enable the quantity to be
measured in number of that unit. Further, in order that this unit is followed
by all; there must be a universal standard and the various units for various parameters
of importance must be standardized.
It is also necessary to
see whether the result is given with sufficient correctness and accuracy for a
particular need or not. This will depend on the method of measurement,
measuring devices used etc. Thus, in a broader sense metrology is not limited
to length and angle measurement but also concerned with numerous problems
theoretical as well as practical related with measurement such as:
1. Units of measurement
and their standards, which is concerned with the establishment, reproduction,
conservation and transfer of units of measurement and their standards.
2. Methods of
measurement based on agreed units and standards.
3. Errors of
measurement.
4. Measuring
instruments and devices.
5. Accuracy of
measuring instruments and their care.
6. Industrial
inspection and its various techniques.
7. Design,
manufacturing and testing of gauges of all kinds.
